1. How to sing slowly to hear sounds in words. .
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2. The 26 letters of the ABC in alphabetical order. .
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3. Basic sounds of the letters of the alphabet . . . .
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4. Two sounds for C, G + Y, as in circus garage
yabby
5. Two letters can make one sound - ch sh th wh ph
ng
6. Letters have upper case and lower case. . . . . . .
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7. Letters can be different sizes and shapes. . . . .
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8. How to switch letters around to make other words
e.g. hit bit fit
9. The 5 vowel sounds a e i o u and their usual
spellings
10. How to join sounds to make words like hot zip
jam
11. The 5 vowel sounds a e i o u and their most common
spellings . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12. The 5 vowel sounds ar er air or aw and common
spellings
13. The 4 vowels sounds ow oy oo (as in boot) and oo
(as in book) and their common spellings . . . . . . . . .
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14. Add 'e' to make long vowels in words, as in like .
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15. How to look at words to see if spellings seem
sensible
16. How to look at irregular spellings of words. . . .
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17. How to make sense of spellings that seem silly
18. What Old English spellings often look like . . . .
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19. What French spellings often look like . . . . . .
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20. What Greek spellings often look like . . . . . . .
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21. How to read and spell long words . . . . . . . . .
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22. What Latin beginnings and ends of words are like .
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23. Latin parts can help show meaning of long words .
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24. Basic spelling system for the 19 English vowel
sounds
25. The 70 most common 'sight' words . . . . . . . . .
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26. I use what I know about sounds,words, guessing and
checking to work out the sense of what I read. . . . . .
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27. I re-read books and songs that I like again and
again, and that will make my reading easier and faster. .
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